Walk into the average household, and you can find dozens or more different creams, lotions, toothpastes, body washes and other cosmetics. Considering the huge range of options, the question is, "Do we really need all those skin care products?"

The answer isn’t that simple. From an evolutionary perspective, our ancestors managed without any shower gels or moisturizing lotions for almost two million years. Since they took long periods of time to migrate, they were able to adapt to the environment fairly well. It is quite interesting to note that to date, Caucasians and Asians still carry around 2% of Neanderthal DNA, which influences, for example, our skin and hair color. Like every other living being, humans also adapt to their environment, on the short-term (e.g. vacation) and on the long-term (e.g. our genes).

We no longer live in complete harmony with nature, but instead in complex civilizations, shaped by cultural traditions, values and rules. Often, we live in densely populated regions, which make hygiene regimens such as washing hands and body hygiene, etc. necessary to prevent the spread of germs. Since we travel around the world, we are exposed to new stimuli and environmental influences.

And on average, we don't just live a mere 30 years anymore, but our life expectancy is almost three times as long. Aging and the changes it brings to the body have become a big issue for us. If we expect to live to an old age, then we want to have good health and to age with as much grace as possible. This is only possible with mindfulness, regular care and prevention, for our whole body including the skin.

Modern life creates new problems

And another thing, modern life is characterized by industrial production and consumption, and brings new kinds of stress and risks with it. Hazardous substances from environmental pollution can be found in the air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil from where our food grows. And we still do not know its full effects. The climate is also changing and e.g., depending on where we live, we may be more exposed to solar radiation.

People react differently to these conditions. This also applies to the skin, which is our visible organ. If you have very sensitive skin, you may be more prone to irritation. If you have problems with your immune system, to allergies. Those who live in sunny areas may be more likely to get sunburned. To avoid the worst, there is no way around taking good care of yourself. And during certain phases of life, the skin needs special attention: for example, in the first years of life and as you get older.

Aspects around health only reveal half the truth. Culture also has a major impact on how people behave. Beauty is very prestigious and looking good has never been more important than it is today. We are constantly flooded with images that shape our idea of beauty and perfection. Beauty blogs and YouTubers reach an ever-increasing audience focused on the weirdest niche topics. Good looks have long ceased to be a topic only for women and teenagers. Men are also increasingly interested in the many options available as to how to be seen as physically attractive.

The view of science

And for those of you who need to know what the dermatologists have to say, washing your skin regularly and nourishing healthy skin also makes a lot of sense. However, you should know what skin type you have so that you choose the right products. Your dermatologist can help figure this out. Tips from dermatologists can also be found on the internet (e.g. Derma Bonn oder AAD.org).

Just a few examples: If your skin is more on the dry side, then you may need a moisturizer. People with oily skin shouldn’t use very oily lotions, yet they still need to moisturize their skin. Too little moisture can damage the skin barrier or make the skin look older than it really is. Small superficial wrinkles and rough skin are often indications of dry skin, not necessarily aging.